The Handshake That Promised Peace

In 1993, Israeli and Palestinian representatives opened a secret negotiating channel in Norway. Engaging in direct talks challenged entrenched political positions on both sides. A breakthrough emerged only because both delegations agreed to focus on an interim arrangement while postponing the most difficult disputes concerning a permanent settlement.

In September 1993, the parties took the decisive step of extending formal mutual recognition. Israel recognized the Palestine Liberation Organization as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, and the PLO renounced terrorism while recognizing Israel's right to exist in peace and security. Although these commitments transformed their diplomatic relationship, they did not erase the conflict or its unequal realities.